The silver arowana, a stunningly elegant fish often sought after in the aquarium trade, boasts a lineage that extends back to the age of dinosaurs. Its fascinating history, unique care requirements, and captivating aesthetics make it a subject of intrigue and admiration among aquarists. This article will delve into the essential aspects of owning a silver arowana, exploring its biological characteristics, habitat needs, feeding habits, and challenges in care.
Known scientifically as Osteoglossum bicirrhosum, the silver arowana is a member of the Osteoglossidae family, which contains eight species inhabiting regions from South America to Africa and Asia. This fish has evolved remarkable adaptations over millions of years. With its elongated body, large scales, and distinctive barbels on the lower jaw, the silver arowana stands out both in the wild and in home aquariums.
Typically reaching an impressive length of 3 to 4 feet, this formidable creature requires ample aquatic space as it matures. The lifecycle of a silver arowana can span anywhere from 10 to 20 years, making it a long-term commitment for prospective fish owners. Unlike its endangered cousins in Asia, the silver arowana is relatively prevalent in the pet trade, though some states impose restrictions on its importation to protect native fish species.
Creating a suitable habitat for a silver arowana is no small feat, as these fish thrive in expansive environments. Ideally, aquarists should provide a tank of at least 300 gallons per fish; larger aquariums are preferred to accommodate swimming space and to minimize territorial disputes. Arowanas are known to jump, a behavior that stems from their hunting instincts in the wild. Consequently, it is crucial to cover the tank with a secure lid to prevent unexpected escapes.
Selecting the right tank dimensions is equally important. A wider and shallower aquarium is recommended, reducing the chances of the fish gaining too much speed before leaping towards the surface. Moreover, the tank should be kept free of obstructions. Arowanas are agile hunters, and too much décor can hinder their hunting behavior. It is essential to design the tank with low obstructions, allowing these beautiful fish to showcase their natural behavior effectively.
As carnivorous fish, silver arowanas maintain a diet in the wild consisting mainly of insects, smaller fish, and invertebrates. However, replicating this feeding practice in a home aquarium can be challenging. Arowanas are known for being picky eaters, with many preferring live food over commercial diets. Thus, aquarists need to strategically introduce a varied diet to ensure the health of their fish.
Feeding a silver arowana should ideally be supplemented with high-quality floating pellets. Furthermore, incorporating meaty treats such as shrimp and krill can provide the necessary nutrition. Aquarists should be cautious, however, as introducing live feeder fish may present risks, including disease transmission and the possibility of the fish refusing to eat anything other than live food thereafter.
To maintain interest during feeding times, owners can enhance their arowana’s dining experience by utilizing various food forms. Utilizing frozen food items or specially formulated floating pellets can prevent dietary monotony while encouraging the fish to hunt at the water’s surface, mimicking its natural feeding behavior.
One prevailing health issue among silver arowanas is the phenomenon known as “droopy eye.” This condition arises when the fish consistently looks downward to feed on sinking items rather than capturing prey from above, its instinctual hunting strategy. This downward gaze can lead to a physical deformity in their eyes over time.
To rectify this issue, aquarists are encouraged to provide opportunities for their fish to hunt food positioned at the water’s surface. By creatively placing food or creating structures like branches over the tank that mimic their natural hunting environment, aquarists can greatly reduce the chances of droopy eye developing. Should the problem persist, seeking professional advice from an aquatic veterinarian is essential rather than attempting invasive procedures without expertise.
The silver arowana is an extraordinary species with a rich history and a compelling character. However, their captivating beauty comes with significant care requirements that may overwhelm novice aquarists. While these fish can become rewarding companions, potential owners must carefully consider their ability to meet the demands of this magnificent creature.
Those who embark on this journey should remain vigilant in monitoring the conditions of their aquarium, the dietary habits of their fish, and any concerning health signs. With unwavering commitment and dedication, owning a silver arowana can undoubtedly be a thrilling and fulfilling adventure in the aquatic world.